What Is Colonoscopy Prep?

Proper preparation for a colonoscopy is essential to ensure accurate results and a safe procedure. Your colon must be completely clean so your provider can clearly view the lining of the large intestine and detect any abnormalities such as polyps, inflammation, or signs of cancer. If the bowel is not thoroughly cleansed, it can obscure visibility and lead to missed diagnoses or the need to repeat the procedure. Preparing properly not only helps your healthcare provider perform a more effective examination but also reduces the risk of complications during the procedure.

Your provider will prescribe one of seven colonoscopy bowel prep solutions, depending on your individual situation, health history, and tolerance. These preparations vary in volume, ingredients, and method of use, but all are designed to empty the colon by causing bowel movements. Some common types include polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based solutions, sulfate-based preps, and lower-volume options combined with clear liquids. It’s very important to follow your doctor’s specific instructions regarding when and how to take the solution, as well as dietary restrictions before the procedure.

Following the bowel prep directions carefully can make a significant difference in the success of your colonoscopy. Eating the recommended low-fiber or clear-liquid diet, drinking plenty of fluids, and completing the full bowel prep as instructed will help ensure your colon is clean and visible. Patients who properly prepare are more likely to have a smooth, effective procedure with accurate results and a shorter exam time. Taking the time to prepare correctly ultimately supports your digestive health and helps your doctor provide the best possible care.

The most common bowel prep solutions are listed below, with downloadable instructions for their specific use. Please follow the instructions indicated.